Chemical Properties of Hydrogen with equations

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Chemical Properties of Hydrogen:
1.  Decomposition of molecular Hydrogen (H2)
Molecular hydrogen contains stable covalent bonding and is relatively inert at ordinary conditions. Its bond dissociation energy is 104 K.cals/mol.
H — H
H + H  rH = 104 K.cals/mol.    i.e +435 KJ/,mol.
Q. Show hydrogen is a good reducing agent:
2.  As a reducing Agent
Hydrogen shows greater affinity for oxygen and reduces many metal oxides into free metals.
CuO(s) + H2(g)
Cu(s) +3H2O(g)­
WO3(s) + 3H2(g)
W(s) + 3H2O(g)
1.  Hydrogenation Reaction:
The addition of hydrogen into other molecular compounds called hydrogenation reaction. When molecular compounds and Hydrogen are heated in the presence of Pt or Pd or Ni and other crystals they give addition products. 


ZnO/Cr2O3

1.                    
CO(g) + 2H2(g)
CH3 – OH(l)­


400oC /high presusure
Methyl Alcohol






Ni

2.                    
CH2 = CH2(s) + H2(g)
CH3 – CH3

Ethene
400oC
Ethane






Ni

3.                    
Edible oils (liquid)+ H2(s)
Vegetable Ghee (Solid)

Un saturated
High Temp.
Saturated
2.  Reaction with metals:
Alkali metals like Na, K etc. and alkaline earth metals like Ca, Ba react with hydrogen on heating to form ionic hydrides. 


200 oC

1.                    
2Na(s) + H2(g)
2Na+H –(s) ­



Sodium Hydride


200 oC

2.                    
Ca(s) + H2(g)
Ca+2 H2(s)–



Calcium hydride
3.  Reaction with non-metals:
Hydrogen reacts with many non-metals under different conditions to form addition products. 


500 oC/200dtm

1.                    
N2(g) + 3H2(g)
2NH3 (g) ­


Fe2O3/K2O







Sunlight

2.                    
H2(g) +Cl2(g)
2HCl(g)






450 oC

3.                    
H2(g) +S(s)
H2S(g)
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